aerokurier 7/2000
Editiorial Perceptions of the
future / Feature Halfway
around the world in a Ju-52 / Pilot Report The new CitationJet CJ1 / Magazine A
long-running success story: the 100th Caravan on floats, Aviation insurance: safari in the
premiums jungle, 25 Malibus in Essen-Mülheim, Mammoth shuttle at the Nürburgring,
Switzerland seeks pilots / Trade Shows ILA 2000 in Berlin-Schönefeld / Travel New
Zealand flight to the land of rain / Flying Ur-UL Mathieu-Russell monoplane / Practice Fuel
management: those extras do matter, Emergency at sea: emergency landing on water, Accident
analysis: collision with transmitter mast on approach /
Ultralights Poised for certification: the
Aerostyle Breezer / Gliding Pilot
report on the Schleicher ASW 28, German Racing and Standard Class championships, Countdown
to the 10th European Championships, Klix: cup for old Open Class gliders, Alarming decline
of gliding (part 2) / avionic Special Blind spots in the GPS
coverage, Mode S transponder for new aircraft, Moving map display with ground proximity
warning
EDITORIAL
Perceptions of the future
"Whatever makes you so optimistic about the future?" one reader asked me
reproachfully in his letter. Business was down in the German aerospace industry, he
argued, and there was no future at all for General Aviation. Then came a detailed list of
all the problems which are plaguing GA.
But to put this negative picture in perspective we only have to look at
the past. After all, the German aerospace industry suffered from exactly the same problems
after the second world war. The situation isn't new. And moreover, intelligent people are
working on the future of General Aviation in the USA and Europe and are developing key
technologies which will resolve a number of problems all at once.
One example here is an up-to-date aircraft engine. Due to their design,
jet engines are very reliable and, thanks to technology that is already available, they
are easier to operate using an electronic control system than a piston engine with a
variable-pitch propeller which requires careful regulation of the ratio of fuel to air.
Another major development is the kerosene-powered diesel engine.
Flying is becoming as easy and as comfortable as driving a car.
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FEATURE
Halfway around the world in a Ju-52
It was to have been a unique flight a round-the-world trip in a 61-year old
Ju-52. But then this dream was shattered by a Russian "Njet". And yet the flight
was still a great adventure. The veteran plane, which had left the Junkers factory in
Dessau in 1939, flew no less than 39,906 km in 122 days. It was an exacting test for both
crew and aircraft. Just how the Swiss JU-Air Ju-52 flew to the north of Japan and back
again to Dübendorf, under conditions which at times were extremely difficult, you can
read in this month's aerokurier.
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PILOT REPORT
The new CitationJet CJ1
Cessna has upgraded the avionics on its successful entry twin-engined CitationJet. The
new version, which is designated the Citation CJ1 and has already clocked up around 100
orders, comes with the integrated Collins Pro Line 21 avionics suite as standard fit. The
system uses state-of-the-art sensors and has two 10" x 8" large colour displays
which reduce pilot workload and are highly flexible. For example, the primary flight
display can be easily transferred to the multi-function display and vice versa. The
symbols used are easy to understand.
The $3.6 million CJ1 also has a 90 kg greater maximum take-off weight.
If this weight is used to carry extra fuel, it translates to 30 minutes' extra flying time
or 150nm extra range.
Performance-wise, the CJ1 offers the standard maximum cruise speed of
380 KTAS at 35,000 ft. Its range is 1475 nm, plus 45 minutes' reserve. At maximum take-off
weight it needs only 1000 m of runway length, while landing at maximum landing weight
requires only 847 m.
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MAGAZINE
A long-running success story: the 100th Caravan on floats
Single-engined turboprop aircraft are particularly well suited to commercial operations
due to their reliability. On 16 May, the 100th float version of the Cessna 208 entered
service.
Sales of single-engined aircraft are going very well for the
Cessna Aircraft Company in the USA. The strong dollar, which makes American aircraft
expensive in Europe and has brought sales to a standstill in Germany, does not bother
north American purchasers. With the booming economy, demand for aircraft has rocketed.
Aviation insurance: safari in the premiums jungle
Insurance for General Aviation is a highly competitive market. In this lucrative
business, sometimes companies fight tooth and nail for customers. We have fought our way
through the insurance premium jungle for you and offer some tips on what to look for when
signing a contract, as well as providing a summary of who is offering what for how much.
25 Malibus in Essen-Mülheim
Flight safety and experience sharing were uppermost on the agenda at the annual reunion
of Malibu devotees at Essen-Mülheim in the middle of May.
The fly-in at the Essen-Mülheim airfield was the second European
convention of MMIG 46. 25 PA46's from Germany and its neighbouring countries had flown in
for a weekend of theoretical and practical training on the sensitive high-performance
aircraft in a flight safety seminar, and to exchange technical tips, discuss the
advantages and disadvantages of turbines and test-fly Malibus with modified power plants.
Mammoth shuttle at the Nürburgring
The Formula One race at the Nürburgring was not just one of the sporting highlights in
Germany, but it was also one of the biggest helicopter conventions in continental Europe.
More than 3000 visitors to the race came to the Ring by helicopter. Altogether 148
helicopters from all over Europe were involved.
Switzerland seeks pilots
Thanks to a new agreement between Switzerland and the EU Member States, it is now
possible for EU citizens to work in Switzerland without having to go through the rigmarole
of getting a work permit, as they have had to do in the past. This means that Swissair is
now able to offer students from their Swissair Flight Academy a job in the cockpit of a
Swissair jet once they have completed their training. The demand for pilots in Switzerland
is greater than ever before and the national carrier is currently even offering the
guarantee of a job.
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TRADE SHOWS
ILA 2000 in Berlin-Schönefeld
More than 950 exhibitors from 38 nations attended the fifth ILA, ILA 2000, between 6
and 12 June in Berlin, making it an impressive event indeed. While the industry is
enjoying full orderbooks, the strong dollar is temporarily plaguing GA aircraft
manufacturers and businesses.
"ILA 2000 was a big success!" "ILA 2000 didn't pay
off for us!" The mood among exhibitors was divided. While the industry is enjoying a
boom in orders for example, the American-German manufacturer Fairchild Dornier and
the Brazilian aircraft manufacturer Embraer both received 50 firm orders plus 100 options
for their rival regional jet families during the show some GA manufacturers and
dealers feel they have nothing to celebrate about.
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TRAVEL
New Zealand flight to the land of rain
At the other end of the world, on New Zealand's South Island, Air Fiordland is flying
tourists to the Milford Sound. The fjord is an attraction in the middle of the Air
Fiordland National Park, which attracts thousands of visitors from all around the world
every year. The area also has one of the highest rainfalls in the world just the
thing for pilots seeking to test their skills.
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FLYING
Ur-UL Mathieu-Russell monoplane
Kit aircraft are not just a thing of the post-war era. Kit planes were already around
in the 1920s, some of them not very successful. Why this was so is shown in flight trials
with a Russell monoplane that has been restored over the last year.
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PRACTICE
Fuel management: those extras do matter
It is with depressing regularity that we read of GA incidents in which poor fuel
management played a critical role. Writer Karl-Heinz Apel, whose main occupation is that
of airline pilot, takes the opportunity to re-examine the topic of fuel planning in
detail. He recalls that during flight planning, that extra fuel needed to cover waiting on
the ground, take-off and climb and any unexpectedly strong head winds during the cruise
phase, which ought to be included in the calculation, is only too readily
"forgotten". The result is quite nerve-racking for the crew when, in the final
stage of the flight and with the aerodrome of intended landing not far away, the fuel tank
indicator is pointing to empty.
Emergency at sea: emergency landing on water
Training for an emergency landing on water is of limited effectiveness, but one can
prepare oneself mentally for the possibility. One's chances of surviving such a situation
depend on having the right equipment. This month's aerokurier explains how to optimise
one's chances by making the best landing on water under various wind and sea conditions,
and how to survive until one is rescued from the cold seawater.
Accident analysis: collision with transmitter mast on approach
The passenger was a VIP. He absolutely had to get home that evening. The pilots of the
Cessna Citation took off from Cologne/Bonn even though the weather at their destination,
Lübeck, had taken a turn for the worse. After changing from IFR to VFR (Lübeck was not
equipped for IFR approaches), they found themselves in the midst of the expected bad
weather and started their descent. About 700 m before the airport one of the Citation's
aerofoils touched an NDB mast. Both pilots were killed during the impact of the aircraft
hitting the ground. Uwe Barschel, at that time Minister President of Schleswig Holstein,
was sitting in the rear of the cabin and survived with serious injuries.
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ULTRALIGHT
Poised for certification: the Aerostyle Breezer
It had its debut at AERO '99. Now the new ultralight low-wing Breezer is about to
achieve certification. The prototype has clocked up 70 flying hours to date. We have taken
a look at the newcomer, which, with its BMW injection engine, will be quite distinctive.
In our aircraft report you can read what the new low-wing aircraft has to offer to
training and travel.
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GLIDING
Pilot report on the Schleicher ASW 28
Its maiden flight was in March, just in time for the 2000 competition season.
Meanwhile, the ASW 28 has stood up well in its first few competitive events. How does it
respond to the much maligned turbulent thermals? We put the 28 to the test and flew it in
a full range of thermals - weak, rough, strong and tight.
German Racing and Standard Class championships
Zwickau provided the German Racing and Standard Class Championship with just about
everything: seven competition days of extreme conditions good and bad. The pilots
themselves provided the most excitement and at the end they almost turned everything
upside-down again with their take-off poker.
The new German champions are Reinhard Schramme from Bückeburg in
the Standard Class and Axel Horn from Hockenheim in the Racing Class. They both turned in
a top-class performance with their teams. There were several informal groupings of pilots
in the search for thermals and the best routes. (Results).
Countdown to the 10th European Championships
The list of entries is impressive: 113 pilots from 24 nations are planning to attend
the European Gliding Championships 2000 from 29 July to 13 August in Lüsse, to the
south-west of Berlin. It will be the tenth time this event has been held, and the second
time in Germany, the previous occasion being Mengen 1986.
But the event will also be attended by some pilots from other
continents. Four pilots will be appearing in Lüsse although their results will not be
scored: Laurens Goudriaan from South Africa, two Japanese pilots, Makoto Ichikawa and
Shigeki Sawada, and John Coutts from New Zealand.
Klix: cup for old Open Class gliders
This spring competition in Klix turned out to be one of the best, with 126 gliders to
be pushed to the take-off zone every morning.
The weather between 28 April and 7 May was dominated by two
high-pressure areas, one to the east and one to the west, which took it in turns to swirl
hot air from the sea and cold air from the opposite direction into the Lausitz landscape.
The event included five main competition days and six for the special cup for old Open
Class gliders. By the end, the warm air had heated up so much that Klix's previous records
for average hourly speeds were overturned (Results).
Alarming decline of gliding (part 2)
Gliding is taking a downturn at least as far as numbers of pilots are concerned.
The consequences are affecting the whole sport. Fred Weinholtz shows how the trend could
be broken on the basis of the report by John Roake which appeared in the June edition of
aerokurier.
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AVIONIC SPECIAL
Blind spots in the GPS coverage
Since 1 May the version of GPS which is available for civilian use has become
significantly more accurate, as artificial degradation of the GPS navigation signal
("selective availability") by the US Department of Defense has been
discontinued. Should we be jumping for joy? The idea is great, certainly, but in practice
it seems there are places with no cover at all.
Effects which have nothing to do with deliberate signal
degradation by the GPS operators but restrict the reliability of GPS are proving extremely
annoying. Only recently there were reports once again, from Italy, of places and areas in
which GPS reception is non-existent. aerokurier's editorial team can confirm the
phenomenon on the basis of their experience at flying through northern Italy this spring.
Especially badly affected are the north of the country and the coastal strips. Massimo
Levi, Vice-President of AOPA Italy, reports areas of between 10 and 20 km in diameter in
which GPS receivers simply will not work.
Mode S transponder for new aircraft
Technological upgrades in the cockpit are overtaking aircraft operators. Having already
invested in B-RNAV equipment and radio sets with 8.33 kHz channel separation, they now
need to invest in a Mode S transponder.
Moving map display with ground proximity warning
Displays which present data from several sensors are on the increase in GA cockpits
too. The GCAS-2000 from EuroTelematik is a terrain awareness warning system with built-in
growth potential.
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